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当一个平直长条试样镀上单面涂层后,往往因为膨胀系数不匹配而在涂层和基体内形成残余应力并产生弯曲变形,通过变形后的曲率半径以及涂层与基体的厚度参数可以计算出涂层内的残余应力,这种方法也称为Stoney方法,相应的弯曲变形样品定义为Ⅰ型涂层,而不产生弯曲变形涂层构件定义为Ⅱ型涂层。由于残余应力不是材料常数,用Stoney方法测到的Ⅰ型涂层残余应力并不代表Ⅱ型涂层的残余应力,而实际工程中绝大部分涂层属于Ⅱ型。如果能建立Ⅰ型涂层残余应力与Ⅱ型涂层之间的关系,就可以通过Stoney方法评价任意构件涂层的残余应力。本研究基于相对法导出了两种类型之间的关系以及Ⅱ型涂层残余应力计算公式,测定了金属基体上对称热障涂层的残余应力。结果表明,该方法简单易行,解决了现实中各种无弯曲变形的实际构件的残余应力评估。
Abstract：When a flat strip sample is coated with a one-sided coating, the bending deformation often occurs because of the mismatch of the expansion coefficients between coatings and the substrate, thus the residual stresses exist in the coatings and substrate. The residual stress in the coating can be calculated by the curving radius and the thicknesses of the coatings and the substrate. This method is called the Stoney method. The coating causing the bending deformation in the sample is defined as type Ⅰ coating, while that without the bending deformation is defined as type Ⅱ coating. Since the residual stress is not a constant of material, the residual stress of type Ⅰcoating measured by the Stoney method does not represent the residual stress of type Ⅱ coating, which widely used in engineering. If a relationship between the residual stresses of type Ⅰ coating and type Ⅱ coating can be established, the residual stress of any coated component can be evaluated via the Stoney method. Based on the relative method, the relationship of residual stresses for two kinds of coatings was derived. The residual stresses of the symmetrical ceramic coatings on metal substrates were measured. The theoretical and experimental results indicate that this novel method is simple and convenient to evaluate the residual stress for various coated components, especially for the coated sample without the bending deformation.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.2019.08.01
中图分类号:TG174.4
引用信息:
[1]包亦望,马德隆.陶瓷涂层的残余应力评价及其尺寸效应[J].硅酸盐学报,2019,47(08):1033-1038.DOI:10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.2019.08.01.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFF01012404和2017YFB0310401)